Jewish 101: Kippah

What Is a Kippah?

A kippah, also called a yarmulke in Yiddish, is a small, rounded head covering traditionally worn by Jewish men. The word kippah comes from the Hebrew for "dome" or "covering." Though not commanded in the Torah or in other Jewish legal texts, it has become one of the most recognizable symbols of Jewish reverence and identity.

A Sign of Reverence

The practice arose from a desire to show humility before God and constant awareness of his presence. Covering one's head expresses the understanding that there is Someone above, a visible sign of awe and submission before the creator. The Talmud records that certain sages would not walk even a few steps bareheaded, saying, "The divine presence is above my head."

A Custom That Developed Over Time

Historically, covering the head was not universal among all Jews. In biblical and early rabbinic times, priests covered their heads during service, but many ordinary people did not do so regularly.

By the Middle Ages, however, wearing a head covering had become a mark of piety, and Jewish legal authorities began to view it as proper conduct, especially during prayer or study. Over time, particularly from the seventeenth century onward, it became customary among most Jewish men to keep the head covered at all times, and the kippah gradually developed into its familiar form.

Styles and Variety

The style and color of the kippah can vary widely, from the small crocheted kippot serugot often seen in Israel, to the larger black velvet ones in traditional communities, and even colorful ones with designs, often reflecting local customs, family tradition, or religious affiliation.